Since the turn of the century, Russia's political system has been dominated by Vladimir Putin , under whom the country has experienced democratic backsliding and a shift towards authoritarianism. In Azerbaijan , Russian has no official status, but is a lingua franca of the country. Viatka dialect. Novosibirsk Oblast. Archived from the original on October 9, Smolensk dialect. Russia, by constitution, is a symmetric federal republic with a semi-presidential system , wherein the president is the head of state , [] and the prime minister is the head of government. On 31 December , president Yeltsin unexpectedly resigned, [] handing the post to the recently appointed prime minister and his chosen successor, Vladimir Putin. Rus' ultimately disintegrated, with the Grand Duchy of Moscow growing to become the Tsardom of Russia. Russian is notable for its distinction based on palatalization of most of its consonants. Retrieved June 17, According to the Oxford English Dictionary , the English name Russia first appeared in the 14th century, borrowed from Medieval Latin : Russia , used in the 11th century and frequently in 12th-century British sources, in turn derived from Russi , 'the Russians' and the suffix -ia. Introduction to the Phonological History of the Slavic Languages. The formation of the unified and centralized Russian state in the 15th and 16th centuries, and the gradual re-emergence of a common political, economic, and cultural space created the need for a common standard language.
Tools Tools. According to the World Tourism Organization , Russia was the sixteenth-most visited country in the world, and the tenth-most visited country in Europe, in , with over Occasionally referred to as "autonomous district", "autonomous area", and "autonomous region", each with a substantial or predominant ethnic minority. In winter, temperatures get colder both from south to north and from west to east. In , Russian was the most widely taught foreign language in Mongolia, [90] and was compulsory in Year 7 onward as a second foreign language in It maintains diplomatic relations with United Nations member states , four partially-recognised states , and three United Nations observer states ; along with embassies. The romanization of the text into Latin alphabet :.
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Russia's autocratic [] political system has been variously described as a kleptocracy , [] an oligarchy , [] and a plutocracy. Arkhangelsk dialect 2. Writing system. Retrieved May 2, Words change depending on both their gender and function in the sentence. United Kingdom: Lexington Books. During this period of rapid economic and social change, millions of people were sent to penal labour camps , including many political convicts for their suspected or real opposition to Stalin's rule; [] and millions were deported and exiled to remote areas of the Soviet Union. See also Russian language in Israel. Russian Sign Language. The Allied powers launched an unsuccessful military intervention in support of anti-communist forces. Alexander Popov was among the inventors of radio , [] while Nikolai Basov and Alexander Prokhorov were co-inventors of laser and maser.
Russian language - Wikipedia
- Russian is one of the six official languages of the United Nations, Russian.
- English Foundation Research.
- Archived PDF from the original on January 29,
- Recognized Russian of Russia is shown in dark green; claimed and disputed territory is shown in light green, Russian.
It is the largest country in the world by area , extending across eleven time zones. It shares land boundaries with fourteen countries. The country's capital as well as its largest city is Moscow. Saint Petersburg is Russia's second-largest city and cultural capital. Rus' ultimately disintegrated, with the Grand Duchy of Moscow growing to become the Tsardom of Russia. By the early 18th century, Russia had vastly expanded through conquest, annexation, and the efforts of Russian explorers , developing into the Russian Empire , which remains the third-largest empire in history. However, with the Russian Revolution in , Russia's monarchic rule was abolished and eventually replaced by the Russian SFSR —the world's first constitutionally socialist state. At the expense of millions of lives , the Soviet Union underwent rapid industrialisation in the s and later played a decisive role for the Allies in World War II by leading large-scale efforts on the Eastern Front. With the onset of the Cold War , it competed with the United States for global ideological influence. The Soviet era of the 20th century saw some of the most significant Russian technological achievements , including the first human-made satellite and the first human expedition into outer space. A new constitution was adopted, which established a federal semi-presidential system. Since the turn of the century, Russia's political system has been dominated by Vladimir Putin , under whom the country has experienced democratic backsliding and a shift towards authoritarianism. Russia has been militarily involved in a number of conflicts in former Soviet states and other countries , including its war with Georgia in and annexation of Crimea in from neighbouring Ukraine , followed by the further annexation of four other regions in during an ongoing invasion. Internationally, Russia ranks among the lowest in measurements of democracy , human rights and freedom of the press ; the country also has high levels of perceived corruption. Its mineral and energy sources are the world's largest, and its figures for oil production and natural gas production rank highly globally. Russia possesses the largest stockpile of nuclear weapons and has the third-highest military expenditure. According to the Oxford English Dictionary , the English name Russia first appeared in the 14th century, borrowed from Medieval Latin : Russia , used in the 11th century and frequently in 12th-century British sources, in turn derived from Russi , 'the Russians' and the suffix -ia. There are several words in Russian which translate to "Russians" in English. According to the Primary Chronicle , the word Rus' is derived from the Rus' people , who were a Swedish tribe, and where the three original members of the Rurikid dynasty came from. The first human settlement on Russia dates back to the Oldowan period in the early Lower Paleolithic.
Russian Russian a minority language. Russian [e] is an East Slavic languageRussian, spoken primarily in Russia. It is the native language of the Russians and belongs to the Indo-European language family. It is one of four living East Slavic languages, [f] and is also a part of the larger Balto-Slavic languages. It was the de facto and de jure [23] official language of the former Soviet Union, Russian. Russian has over million total speakers worldwide. Russian is written using the Russian alphabet of Russian Cyrillic script ; it distinguishes between consonant phonemes with palatal secondary articulation Russian those without—the so-called "soft" and "hard" sounds. Almost every consonant Russian a hard or soft counterpart, and the distinction is a prominent feature of the language, Russian. Another important aspect is the reduction of unstressed vowels.
Russian. Russian Dictionary
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Once commonly used by the Russian of those living outside Russia, Russian, transliteration is being used less frequently by Russian-speaking typists in favor of the extension of Unicode character encodingwhich fully Russian the Russian alphabet.
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